Family Delinquency Essay

There are several factors that baron lead to inept parenting in ace parent ho practiseholds. Among these factors are the available economic and parental resources to babyren and the dis moderateable conditions that characterize such fami perchs. Majority of single parents are economically disadvantaged. As such, they often insufficiency the real(a) resources that they stern offer their children.The result is that their children remain uncompetitive especially in school. Their children thus lack placement among their peers owing to the inability of the parent to provide things that they may need. Due to the fact that majority of single parents drop off from various economic hard-foughties, they are seeming to live in run down neighborhoods characterized by gritty crime rates, low quality schools and few community services.The majority of single parents also find it difficult to function effectively as parents. They are in most cases less stimulatedly buy ative of their children, are less restrictive, dispense harsher discipline, are more inconsistent in dispensing discipline, offer less supervision and suck in more conflict with their children (Simmons and Simmons, 2005).These deficits in parenting emanate from the struggle to provide for the family with limited financial resources and attempting to nip and tuck children in the absence of the other biological parent. Various studies associate inept parenting by resident single parents with a variety of negative consequences among children.Relationship between informal and formal labeling to adolescent delinquency concord to labeling theory, perceived negative reactions result in the amplifyment of negative self conceptions and greater delinquent pastime (Glueck, 1962). The proponents of this theory emphasize on the importance of both formal and informal labeling. Formal labels are those acquired done contact with accessible control agencies while informal labeling are those that parents, pe ers and teachers generate. Juveniles become stigmatized through contact with sociable control agencies. Involvement in delinquent bearing is one of the possible responses to being negatively labelled or stigmatized. Negative parental reactions may also lead to a juvenile becoming delinquent.In their routine activities, juveniles encounter variant cues and clues on how members of the community they live perceive them. Juveniles can interpret accurately the meaning of symbols and gestures employed to project labels upon them through subprogram victorious and defining situations. Human beings cannot be state to be passive receptors of negative labels since they possess the capacity to take part in cooperative fundamental frequency interaction through significant symbols. Some juveniles negotiate labels and at times attempt to repudiate their abnormal imputations (Simmons and Simmons, 2005). fitting or defining something is never an idealistic procedure but rather a consequence of an action. As such, mixer groups establish deviance by their response to known acts. A label therefore designates something that is a consequence of successful conversation of gestures. It is this successful conversation of gestures that makes the process of labeling the self possible.Labeling theorists assume that individuals project themselves into the role of significant others during real or imagined interactions and make assessments or self appraisals. The self becomes an object for which the person attaches labels which can either be positive or negative. This assumption is guided by the conception that human keep back the capacity to choose among competing labels for their self conception.Discuss the factors relating to the possibilities of the family coordinate being a major contribution to a juvenile becoming involved in delinquent behaviors.Family structure influences to a large extent the behavior of children. Research findings indicate that children growing up with single parents take on an increased risk of becoming delinquents (Glueck, 1962). The structure of the family influences economic and parental resources that are available to children. Single parents, being financially constrained, are less likely to take care of their childrens need. The result is that the children experience low self esteem as they lack the majority of things that other children possess. Children who are growing up in a family where both parents are present(a) are unlikely to experience behavioral problems.Research also indicates that children from single parent families that receive support from non-resident fathers also exhibit fewer behavioral problems than those without support. With this regard, economic factors influence the possibilities of a child becoming deviant and this mainly depends on the structure of the family. If both the parents are present, the economic conditions are likely to be give way as both parents may take the responsibility in providi ng for the children. As such, the children may not spirit deprived thereby reducing the possibilities of becoming deviant.Children become conformists when their parents possess cooperative co-parental blood. When parents support each others decisions and agree on the rules of the family, the children learn that the parents authority is not arbitrary. Parental agreement therefore path that the children are not exposed to inconsistent discipline when they misbehave. This consistency between parents encourages children to learn and internalize object lesson values and social norms.Causes of marital violenceSocial theories see marital violence to be the harvesting of the society. As such, they see marital violence as emanating from the social structures and the cultural values and norms that accommodate the use of violence among partners. Furthermore, the causes of marital violence have been attributed by some sociologists to be rooted in the structure of the family the interaction between the members of the family and their social interactions. For instance, family systems theory relates the cause of marital violence to communication flaws and conflict in intimate relationships.Psychological theories on the other hand attribute the causes to individual experiences and predispositions. Marital violence may be linked to biological inclination to violence and personality disorder, or as suggested by social learning theories, to the offenders social milieu during his earliest stages of development.Attachment theory emphasizes on the relationship between parents or caregivers with their children and the consequences of such attachments on the ability of an individual to develop safe and healthy relationships afterwards in life. Psychological perspectives hold that individuals may be predisposed to violence by personality disorders or early experiences of trauma. As such, being abusive physically is seen as a manifestation of an underlying emotional problem. Ch ildhood experiences such as parental abuse, rejection and the inability to satisfy the dependence needs of a child may provide a source of subsequent violence.Double JeopardyStatistics show that women are at a higher risk of being victims of marital violence than males. Quite a number of reasons have been postulated to explain this phenomenon. Among the widely held theories is that women are inherently weak. With regard to physical strength, it is widely known that males far more out-weigh egg-producing(prenominal)s in strength.Many female victims often find themselves in difficult situation when they are taking the decision to report their partner for abusing them physically. This is because they are likely to do something worse when they come out. As such, female victims of marital violence are always at the risk of fork-like jeopardy. Even though infraction of protection order may lead to federal outlaw prosecution, advocates may develop procedures to avert double jeopardy. Population heterogeneity theoryThese theories postulate that there is an initial proneness to commit violent offenses and that this early difference in the development of an individual remains quite stable everywhere time (Glueck, 1962)). deal with numerous risk factors before birth, during toddler hood and during childhood are more likely to develop violent tendencies during adolescence and adulthood. In other words, there is a correlation between past and current criminal behavior. Population heterogeneity process attributes stability in offending over time to differences in anti-social characteristics across individuals that is established early in life.One of the implications of a population heterogeneity explanation for continuity in crime over time is that the antisocial feature is likely to have reverberations throughout life, adopting many manifestations later in life. Any observed correspondence between later life events and criminality is spurious ascribable to the fac t that they are all the consequence of a common cause.Concepts and principles of social learning theoryThe fundamental assumption of social learning theory is that the same learning process that operates within the context of social structure, interaction and situation produces both conforming and deviant behavior. The direction of the process in which these tools operate is the initiation of their difference. What is involved is the balance of influences on behavior.In most cases, that balance exudes some form of stability over time but it can also become unstable and change with circumstances and time. Conformity and deviant behavior is learned by the mechanisms in this process even though the theory proposes that the principle mechanism are part of the process in which differential reinforcement and imitation produce both candid behavior and cognitive definitions that function as discriminative stimuli for the behavior.Parenting skillsThe success of any family is dependent upo n effective parenting. As such, it is important for every parent to establish healthy methods of raising their children. New parents should know that the future of their children lie in their hands. The first step to parenting is developing clear expectations of what both parents want. Depending on the background of what is being considered chasten or wrong, parents should plan and communicate their expectation to each other.Establishing a list of social, academic, religious and family oriented expectations for different settings and activities will enable parents to be very particular and concrete in teaching their children. They must that take into consideration the ability and age of the child, developmental status and the available resources. After setting the seize rules and expectations, the second most important thing is to unambiguously communicate these expectations in word and in deed.ReferencesGlueck, E. (1962). Family environment and delinquency. Houghton MifflinSimmo ns, R. & Simmons L. (2005). Families, delinquency, and crime Linking Societys Most Basic Institution to Antisocial Behavior. Oxford University Press